What type of block involves the nerves coursing over distal ends of transverse processes?

• A. Proximal paravertebral block
• B. Distal paravertebral block
• C. Caudal epidural block
• D. Intercostal nerve block

Answer: (B)

The distal paravertebral block specifically targets the nerves that run over the distal ends of the transverse processes of the vertebrae. This technique is utilized primarily in large animal anesthesia to provide analgesia for surgical procedures involving the abdominal cavity or to manage pain post-operatively. By administering the anesthetic at the distal sites, the block effectively interrupts sensory nerve transmission from specific areas of the body, thereby achieving significant regional anesthesia.

This technique contrasts with other types of blocks such as the proximal paravertebral block, which targets nerves at the proximal aspect of the transverse processes and affects a different range of nerves. Caudal epidural blocks involve administering anesthetics around the sacral area and do not directly target the nerves at the transverse processes. Intercostal nerve blocks are intended for the ribs and related nerves but do not focus on the paravertebral region. Understanding each block’s anatomical landmarks and target nerves is crucial for effective regional anesthesia in food animals.