Where is a caudal epidural block performed?

• A. Between the lumbar vertebrae
• B. Sacro-coccygeal joint or Cd1-Cd2 joint
• C. At the thoracic region
• D. In the thoracic cavity

Answer: (B)

A caudal epidural block is performed specifically at the sacro-coccygeal joint or between the Cd1 and Cd2 vertebrae. This location is chosen because it allows anesthetic agents to be deposited into the epidural space near the caudal portion of the spinal cord, effectively providing analgesia for procedures involving the perineum, hind limbs, or tail.

The sacro-coccygeal joint serves as a convenient access point because it is where the spinal canal narrows, making it less likely to damage surrounding tissues or the spinal cord itself by avoiding the lumbar and thoracic regions. Anesthesia delivered here interrupts nerve signals in the area of interest, making it suitable for surgical procedures in the hindquarters.

In contrast, performing a block between the lumbar vertebrae is not appropriate for a caudal epidural, as it would influence lumbar and hind limb function and could pose higher risks. The thoracic region and thoracic cavity do not relate to a caudal block, since these areas pertain to the mid and upper trunk's anatomy and would not provide the desired targeted analgesia needed for procedures involving the rear end of the animal.