Which combination of drugs can be used to induce recumbency in a cow for 30-40 minutes?

• A. Xylazine and butorphanol
• B. Ketamine and dexmedetomidine
• C. Xylazine and ketamine
• D. Acepromazine and butorphanol

Answer: (C)

The combination of xylazine and ketamine is effective for inducing recumbency in a cow for a duration of 30 to 40 minutes. Xylazine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that provides sedation and analgesia, while ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that induces a state of anesthesia characterized by a lack of response to external stimuli. When used together, these drugs create a synergistic effect: xylazine enhances the sedation provided by ketamine, allowing for effective anesthesia with a smoother transition into and recovery from anesthesia.

This combination is particularly well-suited for field anesthesia in cattle due to its rapid onset and sufficient duration for various procedures that require the animal to remain recumbent. The balance between sedation and analgesia is crucial in veterinary practice, especially in managing food animals, and this combination achieves a desirable effect within the specified time frame.